When Home Improvement Season arrives, so do the fly-by night contractors. Tools and trucks do not make a remodeling contractor. To be safe, rather than sorry, use the B.C.B. (Better Contractors Bureau) questionnaire below before you sign the contract.
1. Did I check the contractor's reputation with B.C.B.?
2. Has the contractor been established for a reasonable length of time (preferably over 1 year)?
3. Is the contractor's phone listed in the phone book?
4. Does the contractor have a bonafide address or just a PO Box?
5. Did I get 3 comparable, fully detailed estimates?
6. Has the contractor shown proof of Liability and Workmen's Compensation?.
7. Is the contractor a member of the B.C.B.?
8. Does the contractor's contract abide by the N.Y. State Law regarding Escrow Account and 3-Day Right of Cancellation, etc.?
9. Does the contractor use high pressure tactics or phony giveaways?
10. Does the contractor abide by building codes and obtain proper permits?
11. Has the contractor furnished customer references?
You'll stay a lot more comfortable this winter if you warm up to these tips to keep your furnace running efficiently.
Have your furnace checked to uncover leaks in the heat exchanger, soot, rust, corroded contacts and frayed wires.
Heat pumps and oil fired furnaces require yearly tune ups. Manufacturers recommend having your gas fired furnace cleaned every other year.
When the furnace is started for the first time be sure the system runs through a full heating cycle to ensure it has plenty of combustion and air and chimney draft. Contractors use draft gauges to check for sufficient draft. They will also test for carbon monoxide leaks.
Have the burner and heat exchanger cleaned to remove soot that can impede smooth operation. Your best efficiency hinges on adjusting the burner flame to the right size and color, adjusting the flow of gas or changing the fuel filter in an oil fired system. A proper check of the heat pump should include an inspection of the compressor and fan.
While thermostats hardly ever fail, they can degrade over time as mechanical parts stick or lose their calibration. Remember, whether your thermostat is old or new, the hole where the thermostat wires comes through the wall needs to be caulked or a draft could trick it into thinking the room is warmer or colder than it really is.
When calling a contractor to service your furnace, or for a complete new heating system always check them out with the Better Contractors Bureau to make sure they are registered members! To be sure always look for the BCB logo.
The cold weather has caused ice buildups on a number of roofs in our area.
The illustration below provides an explanation of why this occurs.

When cold weather comes you might as well hang a vacancy sign on the lawn inviting pests into your home if you don't do something to prevent them from entering. There are many tempting places in your house where unwanted critters are likely to get in. Below are a trio of pests that account for 80 percent of animal break-ins and preventive measures to stop them.
MICE & RATS
Diameter of entry hole: 1/4 inch or larger.
Likely entry points: Garage, basement, gaps around utility lines.
Signs of infestation: 1/8 inch long droppings; smell of urine; noises at night; holes gnawed in food boxes.
Preventive measures; Seal exterior gaps with mortar; weather-strip the bottom of basement and garage doors; keep all foodstuffs in hard plastic, glass, or steel containers.
Stopgap measures: Stuff copper mesh or bronze wool into foundation cracks.
Job for a pro? Probably not, but a large breeding population might require professional removal.
SQUIRRELS
Diameter of entry hole: 2 1/2 inch or larger.
Likely entry points: Where dormers meet roofs or where roof shingles overhang fascia boards. ( The second-story men of household pests, squirrels can jump 10 to 12 feet through the air.)
Signs of infestation: Scampering noises in ceilings or attics; insulation missing from spots near eaves; 1/2 inch droppings; piles of nuts.
Preventive measures: Prune trees away from house; keep roof and exterior trim in pristine repair; remove bird feeders. Nail hardware cloth over potential entry points until they can be repaired. This a job for a pro!
Home Improvement time is here and so are the fly-by-night, scam artist contractors. Each year many of the so-called gypsy contractors hit town with one thing in mind and that is to rip off unsuspecting consumers, especially seniors.
Home repairs are at the top of their list, as they are the easiest to con people into doing by using many different scare tactics. The tips below may help you to protect yourself against these unscrupulous individuals.
Steer clear of drive-by repairmen. The most notorious scam artists in home repair frauds are those repairman who cruise neighborhoods and sell their services at your front door. When that happens the first thing you should do is to check to see if they are driving a vehicle with out of state license plates. If they are then you can be sure you are talking to a fly-by-night operator. The license plate check is especially important to prevent the most common ploy: an offer to seal coat your driveway or clean your gutters at bargain prices. "Some scammers even use useless motor oil to recoat driveways," says Santora.
Watch out for bogus chimney improvements. Scammers may tell you that your fireplace is unsafe and needs a new liner. But unless you have visible problems such as cracks or loose or missing bricks, they're probably pulling a scam, says Santora. "They'll come to your house and offer a $50 cleaning, look down your chimney, and say you need $3,000 to $4,000 in repair work for the fireplace to work safely." The work they do is usually unnecessary, and it's your money that goes up in smoke. Before agreeing to an expensive repair, hire an independent home inspector or a professional chimney sweep to do an evaluation.
Avoid the waterproofing scare tactics. If your basement floods every time it rains, you may need to have it waterproofed. But consider this very expensive job only after you've ruled out cheaper options. Frequently, gutters are simply clogged or soil surrounding the home has eroded so it slopes toward your home, causing water to seep in. "Anytime someone tries to scare or panic you, that should raise a red flag," Santora says. Things like damp proofing paints and sealants can help with minor problems, as well as extending gutter downspouts out. Sump Pumps can sometimes be installed without ripping up the entire basement perimeter! However, should you need major work, make sure you deal with a company who specializes in this type of repair.
Warm weather is here and so are the scam artists who prey on homeowners, especially the senior citizens. These rip off scammers usually go door to door offering a variety of home improvements and repairs from roof and chimney repair, gutter cleaning, driveway sealing, tree trimming, etc.
They often say they can do the job at a really low price, as they have left over materials from another job.
Many times, these scam artists are driving trucks with magnetic signs and out-of-state license plates, or operate out of store front offices that they can quickly move out of once they finish their scam or if they think local authorities have knowledge of them.
The Better Contractors Bureau recommends that you do the following to protect yourself against these fly-by-night operators:
You can call the BCB office to have a FREE Consumer Guide & Membership Directory mailed to you or you can go to the top of this page and this page and click on Member Categories
Listing. An alphabetical category list will pop up with members who specialize in any project you're interested in. Just select two or three from the list and call them for a Free estimate and mention that you got their name from the BCB web site for special pricing. In any case you will be sure that you will be dealing with "Registered Professional" contractors who must abide by a strict code of ethics, provide proper insurance and use bonafide NYS contracts. Although we cannot guarantee member's work, products or services we can promise you that in the event you select a member and have a legitimate complaint we will do everything in our power to help you mediate the dispute and should the member be unwilling to rectify the matter we will take action to expel that member from the BCB and make sure future consumers calling are made aware of the situation.:
These days when a home is put up for sale with a
real-estate agent they are most times staged to show a home's best features
starting with curb appeal! But since it's for the seller's benefit there are
certain things potential buyers should be aware of that sometimes a home
inspection won't reveal even by the most diligent home inspectors! Here are
a few tips that a buyer should consider!
Never hire a home inspector that's recommended by a realtor agent! It should be considered a conflict of interest, as a realtor certainly wouldn't recommend one that would kill their potential sale!
Try to accompany the inspector during the inspection without the realtor present and don't be afraid to ask as many questions as possible!
Never hire a home inspector who shows up at the site with only a flash light! They should have special equipment with them including an extension ladder to check the roof, a step ladder to gain access to the attic area, testing equipment to detect gas leaks, electrical tester, radon and lead test equipment, etc.
If you see a basement that has a fresh new coat of some version of a waterproof coating type paint check closer to see if it is concealing or masking a prior water seepage problem that will eventually reoccur after purchase! Usually evident in corners!
Try to get verification of the age of a roof, furnace & AC, hot water tank and life expectancy! Check if any warranties are still valid and transferable!
A good home inspection should take a minimum of one-two hours or more depending on the size and age of the home!
The inspection report should be on a detailed form that outlines everything on the exterior to the interior! Some inspectors will even base their findings on repairs and or replacement costs for a slight additional charge! This sometimes will help with negotiating the asking price should major repairs or replacement be necessitated!!
If the report form lists item conditions as Excellent, Good, Fair or Bad (as some do) make sure there is also a comment section after each condition describing the exact findings! Such as: driveway bad condition and past life expectancy and will need replacement soon!
If you are, here are some factors that you should be aware
of before selecting your roofing contractor.
The New York State residential code has some new requirements dealing with
the roofing of a home. First and foremost is article R907.3, which addresses
recovering versus replacement. The law states that any new roof coverings
shall not be installed without first removing the existing roof coverings
where any of the following conditions occur:
1. Where the existing roof covering is wood shake, slate, clay, cement or
asbestos-cement tile.
2. Where the existing roof covering is water-soaked or has deteriorated to
the point that the existing roof or roof covering is not adequate as a base
for additional roofing.
3. Where the existing roof has two or more applications of any type of roof
covering. This particular part of the law is the one that gives the
homeowner the most trouble, as the some contractors will tend to confuse the
customer as to what should really be done. It really is very simple. If you
are going to have a new roof put on your house you cannot go over the
existing roof unless there is only one roof there at present. Any more than
one roof means that all layers must come off before a new roof can be
installed! The law doesn't say anything about being able to remove a layer
or layers to get down to one roof but I would suggest that if any layers
have to come off then you have all the layers taken off down to the wood
sheathing.
There are other sections of the new law too numerous to mention but when
reading specifications of a contract you should be sure that a ice and water
shield type product is installed on the roof edges a minimum of 3' from the
house wall edge up and in all valleys and areas where you may have had a
leak problem before. Last year's snow and ice backed up even farther than
the required 3' so I would suggest that you insist that the roofing
contractor install the ice and water shield a minimum of 6' up from the
house wall up for added protection.
Another thing to watch out for is proper ventilation of the roof. Without
proper ventilation you will have all kinds of problems. In the summer your
attic will be too hot making air conditioning work overtime and in the
winter, as in this past one you will have ice back-up problems that can
cause all kinds of damage to the interior of your house. The usual rule of
thumb is one roof vent for every 150 feet of roof area but I would suggest a
continuous roof vent. However, no matter how your roof is vented if you
don't have a good number of soffit (overhang) venting the ventilation will
not work properly.
The next step after familiarizing yourself with the information above is the
selection of a reputable and professional roofing contractor. There are many
so called roofing contractors in the business and because of the many
fly-by-night ones you should make sure you select the right one. Get at
least three estimates from similar size companies and be sure to check them
out with the Better Contractors Bureau at 338-3600. Also have them all bid
on similar work specifications. Check to see if they are insured and ask to
see a copy of their certificate of insurance showing that they carry enough
liability coverage and if they have employees' evidence of their workmen's
comp. After you decide on the roofing contractor that will be doing your job
you now should make sure that the contract meets all requirements under
Article 36A of the NYS Business Law. The most important aspects of the
contract should be your 72-hour right to cancel, escrow clause, a start and
completion date, payment schedule, warranties, and a complete specification
list.
Be sure the specifications list everything including, if it will be a
complete tear-off, type of shingle, debris removal, warranties and
guarantees, etc. Remember that if they tell you your roof is warranted for
25 or 30 years it only pertains to the materials and not the workmanship
which, is usually guaranteed only for one year.
Don't give a large down payment and by all means dont make final payment
until the job is completed to your satisfaction! Remember the saying, "Let
the buyer beware" also pertains to the home improvement business!
Whether it is roofing, siding, windows, that new kitchen or
an addition it will be a costly investment and you should protect yourself
before signing a contract.
New York State regulates the sale of home improvement goods and services and
applies to most types of improvements costing more than $500 purchased by
homeowners. The law requires contractors to give you a contract that
includes many provisions. The main ones are summarized below:
1. The name, address and phone number of the contractor must be on the
contract.
(Do not accept a P.O. Box number as the contractor's address)
2. The exact amount of the project including progress payments.
3. A start and completion date, including any contingencies which would
change the completion date such as
bad weather. You may also want to have included a penalty clause for running
over the completion date. A
$100 per day deduction off the contract price is common for every day that
the project runs over the
completion date.
4. A clause that reads that any progress payments received by a contractor
from a customer can only be made
if they bear a reasonable relationship to the work actually done, materials
purchased or related costs.
5. Any payments received by a contractor from a customer prior to
substantial completion of the job must be
placed into an escrow account in a bank located in New York State within
five business days and the
customer must be informed where the money is held within ten business days.
The contractor can only
withdraw the deposit only in the following circumstances:
- under the terms of the payment schedule agreed on by the contractor and
the customers;
- upon substantial completion of the job; or
- if the customer violates the contract, but only to the extent that the
amount covers the contractor's reasonable costs.
6. A complete specification description of the work and materials, including
brand names, model numbers
and other identifying information.
7. A consumer notice that reads as follows:
The customer has an unconditional right to cancel the contract until
midnight of the third business day after the contract was signed.
Cancellation must be done in writing! If the contractor or subcontractor who
does the work is not paid, he or she may have a claim against the customer's
property under the Lien Law.
8. Warranties and guarantees should be stated in the contract. Be sure to
understand if the warranty or guarantee
covers both the materials and labor and if they are prorated and
transferable. For example a new roof job
may warrant the materials for 25-30 years but the contractor may only
warrant his labor for one year.
There are penalties against contractors and consumers may sue for actual
damages, plus a $500 penalty and reasonable attorney's fees if the
contractor has used fraudulent written statements to get the contractor to
sign the contract. The Attorney General is also authorized to go to court to
stop illegal practices and order contractors to compensate defrauded
customers. Contractors can also face civil fines for violating the
provisions of the law, especially with the protection of the customer's
payments.
When the snow season hits the Better Contractors Bureau
will be receiving many calls from people complaining about leaking roofs.
Most are not aware of what causes leaks in the winter and usually attribute
it to a poor new roof installation.
"Unfortunately, we have to tell people that the problem they are having is
usually not due to an improper roofing installation, but rather from
improper ventilation and insulation in their attics," says Carmen Santora,
Executive Director of the Better Contractors Bureau.
Heat loss is one of the major causes of ice back-up and snow damming. When
attics are not insulated properly and there are either not enough or no roof
vents or soffit vents, heat will heat the ceilings causing the attic to warm
up allowing the heat to travel up the roof and the combination of heat and
snow causes ice to form. Gutters eventually become clogged with ice, forcing
water farther up the roof edges. After the ice backup goes beyond the ice
and water shield (usually 3' from the roof edge) the ice starts to melt and
leaks inside the house.
Consumers experiencing ice back-up or snow damming should first hire an
experienced contractor who is insured to remove the ice or snow from the
gutters and roof edges and then have the problem addressed properly when
weather permits. He recommends having an experienced roofing contractor
install ice and water shield at least six feet up from the exterior wall
edge and in all valleys. He does not recommend just putting a new roof over
the old one, as there will be no proper way to install the ice and water
shield as recommended, as it should be directly cemented down to the roof
sheathing.
Before any new roof work is done proper insulation and venting should be
addressed, as if not ice damming will continue. For roofing contractors
experienced in ice damming prevention call the BCB at 338-3600 or go to the
BCB website at www.the-bcb.net.